语法考点荟萃--名词性从句(二)

1.表语从句

在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。

(1)引导表语从句的连接词

连接词：that，whether(if不引导表语从句)，as if

The trouble is that she has lost his money.

The question is whether we really need their help.

It looked as if it was going to snow.

连接代词：what，who，whom，which，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等

The question is which of us should go.

The problem was who could do the work.

That’s what he is worrying about.

That’s what we should do.

连接副词：when，where，why，how，however，whenever，wherever

Go and get your coat. It's where you left it.

That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.

(2)表语从句其他常见结构

①The reason is that…

The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.

②That is because …

That’s because we never thought of it.

③That is why…

That is why I cannot agree.

④It seems / looks as if

It seems as if he didn't know the answer.

2.同位语从句

(1)一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。例：

I heard the news that our team had won.

I had no idea that you were here.

(2)常见的可以跟同位语从句的词(抽象名词)：

news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word (消息)，possibility等。例：

I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

(3)同位语从句与定语从句的区别

①同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，说明它前面名词的内容;属于名词性从句范畴。定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，限定前面名词范围，属于形容词性从句范畴。

The news that I have passed the exam is true.

The news that he told me just now is true.

②引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。例：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

The idea that he gave surprised many people.

【典型例题】

After _____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the manager’s office.

A. that B. if

C. what D. there

【答案】C。解析：考查宾语从句。句意：好似无尽地等待之后，轮到他进经理办公室了。该空位于介词After之后，引导宾语从句，后面的从句缺主句，应用what。故选C。